Hindi हिन्दी Introduction and Syntax

Hindi the national language of India is an Indo-Aryan language with over 500 million speakers. It is one of the official languages of India and is the main language used in the northern states of Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand and Bihar, and is spoken in much of north and central India alongside other languages such as Punjabi, Gujarati, Marathi or Bengali. In other parts of India, as well as in Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan, Hindi is understood. In Fiji people of Indian origin speak Hindi, and in some areas the Fijian people also speak it.

Hindi is a phonetic language. Hindi words are pronounced exactly as they are written. You don't have to memorise the correct spelling of a word. All consonants have an 'a' sound inherent in them. To write the English word 'come' in Devanagari script all you do is assemble the two consonants क (Ka) and म (Ma) by keeping them together and joining them with the horizontal head stroke as shown below 

कम (Kam)

Similarly to write the Hindi word 'kamal' (lotus) you will simply add ल (La) to the end of the

above word and join all three letters together with the horizontal line:

कमल (Kamal)

Syntax

Hindi uses a different word order than English. The main differences are that verbs are

placed at the end of the sentence (like in German) and that Hindi (like other Indian

languages) uses postpositions instead of prepositions.

Postpositions are like prepositions except that they are written after the noun.

Example:

Normal sentences

English: Subject Verb Object = I learn Hindi

Hindi: Subject Object Verb = I Hindi learn

Imperative sentences

English: Verb Place Adverb = Come here now

Hindi: Place Adverb Verb =Here now come

Questions

English: Adverb Auxillary Verb Subject Verb =What are you drawing?

Hindi: Subject Adverb Verb = You what draw?

 Word Order

The basic word order in Hindi is Subject - Object - Verb (S-O-V) .However, since Hindi

uses more inflections and cases than English, word order is somewhat less important in

Hindi. Lets consider the sentence, I am Pankaj. This English word order is S-V-O. For

Hindi we will change it to S-O-V.

Subject - Object - Verb (S-O-V) म‹ प2कजो कि निम्न है :-